Foreign nationals can swap their home country's driving license for a Polish EU license after residing in Poland for six months. This exchange means their original license is replaced with a Polish EU one and not returned. EU citizens and nationals from countries that ratified the 1968 Vienna Convention on Road Traffic can use their national licenses in Poland, provided they are in the modern credit card format. Exchanging these licenses is straightforward, typically taking about 30 days.
Non-EU citizens from countries outside the Vienna Convention must convert their license after six months of Polish residency. They'll need documents from their home country, which can be time-consuming to gather, so it's best to arrange these before leaving. Once the license is exchanged, obtaining an international driving license is also advisable.